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Retention Schedules

Retention schedules determine how long backup versions are kept before being eligible for deletion. The One Backups uses the Grandfather-Father-Son (GFS) model — a tiered approach that keeps more frequent versions for recent data and progressively fewer versions as data ages.

Grandfather-Father-Son (GFS) Model

GFS divides retention into four tiers:

TierLabelWhat It Keeps
SonDailyOne version per day for the past N days
FatherWeeklyOne version per week for the past N weeks
GrandfatherMonthlyOne version per month for the past N months
Great-GrandfatherAnnualOne version per year for the past N years

At each tier boundary, older daily backups are pruned and only the designated weekly, monthly, or annual version is preserved.

Default Retention Settings

TierDefaultDescription
Daily (daily_days)7 daysKeep a daily version for the past 7 days
Weekly (weekly_weeks)4 weeksKeep one version per week for the past 4 weeks
Monthly (monthly_months)12 monthsKeep one version per month for the past 12 months
Annual (yearly_years)0 yearsAnnual retention disabled by default

With these defaults, you can restore from:

  • Any point in the past 7 days (daily granularity)
  • Any week in the past 4 weeks (weekly granularity)
  • Any month in the past 12 months (monthly granularity)

Compliance Retention

For MSPs subject to data retention compliance requirements (HIPAA, SOC 2, cyber insurance mandates), enable annual retention:

Annual settingEffective coverage
3 years3 annual snapshots + 12 monthly + 4 weekly + 7 daily
7 years7 annual snapshots — common requirement for financial and healthcare data
ℹ️Annual retention snapshots are automatically moved to archive storage tier after 12 months, reducing cost significantly. See Storage Tiering for restore time implications of archived data.

Custom Retention Schedules

Override any default tier in the policy:

SettingMinMaxUse Case
daily_days0365Keep daily versions for up to 1 year
weekly_weeks052Keep weekly versions for up to 1 year
monthly_months060Keep monthly versions for up to 5 years
yearly_years010Keep annual versions for up to 10 years

Setting a tier to 0 disables that tier. For example, if you set daily_days=30 and weekly_weeks=0, only the daily tier is active — no weekly rollups are kept.

Retention and Storage Cost

Longer retention = more storage = higher cost. Approximate storage usage per endpoint at default settings:

Workload TypeDaily Change RateEst. Monthly Storage
Light office use50–200 MB/day5–15 GB
Active developer500 MB–2 GB/day20–60 GB
Server (file data)1–5 GB/day40–150 GB

These estimates assume 30-day daily retention + 12-month monthly retention with compression enabled (typical 40–60% compression ratio on document data).

Use the Storage Estimates tab in the Backups console to preview projected storage cost before committing to a retention policy.

Immutable Retention for Ransomware Protection

Immutable retention prevents backup data from being modified or deleted — even by an MSP administrator — for a defined period. This protects backup integrity against ransomware attacks that target backup infrastructure.

When immutable retention is enabled on a policy:

  • Backup objects in Azure Blob Storage are written with a legal hold or time-based immutability policy
  • The retention lock cannot be shortened during the immutability period
  • Deletion requests are rejected until the immutability period expires
  • Backups remain readable and restorable throughout the immutability window
ℹ️Immutable retention requires the bring-your-own-storage option with an Azure storage account that supports immutable blob storage. It cannot be enabled on the default managed storage account without advance configuration.

Recommended immutable retention settings for ransomware protection:

TierRecommended Immutability
Daily14 days
Weekly8 weeks
Monthly13 months (one month overlap)

Retention Cleanup

The retention cleanup timer runs nightly at 3:00 AM UTC. It scans the backup catalog for each tenant and soft-deletes file versions that fall outside the active retention window. Soft-deleted versions are held for 7 days before permanent deletion to allow recovery from accidental policy misconfiguration.

Physical deletion from Azure Blob Storage follows the soft-delete grace period. You will see storage usage decline gradually over 7–10 days after reducing a retention setting, not immediately.